X3D

x3d

Comandi di base
Intestazione corpo e conclusione:

<X3D profile="Immersive"
 	xmlns:xsd=http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance
 	xsd:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="http://www.web3d.org/specifications/x3d-3.0.xsd" >
   <head>
     <component name="Geospatial"/>
     <component name="NURBS" level="2"/>
     <meta name="description" content="X3D scene header examples. "/>
     <meta name="filename"    content="Examples.x3d"/>
     <meta name="author" content="Ferdinando Caprilli"/>
     <meta name="created" content="1 Gennaio 2006"/>
     <meta name="url" content="http://www.nando"s.net/computergrafica/Examples.x3d"/>
   </head>
   <Scene>
     <!-- Scene graph nodes are added here -->
   </Scene> </X3D>

commento:

<!-- This is an X3D comment. -->

Forme:
Esempio:

<Shape>
 	<Sphere radius="1"/>
   <Appearance> {
 	<Material diffuseColor="0.8 0.8 0.8" ambientIntensity="0.2" specularColor="0 0 0"
	emissiveColor="0 0 0" shininess="0.2" transparency="0" />   </Appearance> </Shape>

Geometrie:

<Sphere radius="1"/>
 <Box size="2 2 2"/>
 <Cone bottomRadius="2" height="4"/>
 <Cylinder radius="2" height="4"/>
 #testo 
<Text string="Ciao Mondo" >
  <fontstyle DEF="TEXT_STYLE" size=".15" family="SANS" justify="FIRST" style="BOLD"/>
 </Text> #quadrato <IndexedLineSet coordIndex="0 1 2 3 0" >
 	<Coordinate point="0 0 0, 0 2.5 0, 2.5 2.5 0, 2.5 0 0, 0 0 0"/>
 </IndexedLineSet >
 #piramide
 <IndexedFaceSet coordIndex="0 1 2 -1, 1 3 2 -1, 2 3 0 -1, 3 1 0" >
 	<Coordinate point="0 0 0, 10 0 0, 5 0 8.3, 5 8.3 2.8"/>
 </IndexedFaceSet>
 #terreno accidentato
 -creaseAngle  indica l"angolo (espresso in radianti) al di sotto del quale il browser provvede 
 ad effettuare un arrotondamento degli spigoli tra i vertici di poligoni adiacenti (3.14 smussa tutti, 0 nessuno) 
-set_height serve per modificare i valori delle altezze a run-time in modo da poter realizzare elevationgrids animate
 <ElevationGrid xDimension="7" zDimension="6" xSpacing="4" zSpacing="4" height="0, 2, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0,
 	0, 2, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0,  0, 2, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0,  0, 2, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0,  0, 2, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0, 2" />

Trasformazioni:
si possono innestare una nell"altra
Esempio:

<Transform translation="0 -2.5 0"> 	......... </Transform>

Tipi:

translation="0 1.6 0" rotation="1 1 1 -1.56"

Luci:

<DirectionalLight direction="0 0 -1" intensity="1.0" /> 
<SpotLight direction="1 1 0" location="-2 1 2" radius="12" beamWidth="1" cutOffAngle="1" /> 
<PointLight radius="5" location="0 0 0" />

spotlight

Textures:
dentro a Appearance per le gif e jpeg

    <ImageTexture url="image.jpg"/>

mentre per i filmati MPEG-1

    <MovieTexture url="movie.mpg" loop="TRUE" startTime="1" />

si possono mappare a piacimento affiancando nel nodo Appearance con

   <TextureTransform scale="2 2" />

applicando:

	scale="2 2" 	center="0.5 0.5" rotation="0.78" 	translation="0.5 0.5"

Level of Detail (LOD):
utile per non caricare texture dettagliate per oggetti lontani

<LOD range="3 6" >
 	<Shape ..........>
 <!-- verrà usata tra i 0 e 3 metri -->
 	<Shape ..........>
 <!-- verrà usata tra i 3 e 6 metri -->
 	<Shape ..........>
 <!-- verrà usata tra i 6 e infinito -->
 </LOD>

Sfondo:

<Background backUrl="babystars.jpg" bottomUrl="babystars.jpg"
                frontURL="babystars.jpg" leftUrl="babystars.jpg"
                rightURL="babystars.jpg" topUrl="babystars.jpg" />
  <Background skyColor=".3 .7 .9" groundColor=".3 .7 .9"/>
  <Background skyAngle="1.2 1.57 3.14" skyColor="0 0 1, 0.25 0.25 1, 0.5 0.5 1" 
		groundAngle="1.3 1.57" groundColor="0.05 0.25 0.05, 0.1 0.5 0.1, 0.25 0.75 0.25" />

Navigazione:
punti di vista:

<Viewpoint DEF="Exampleview" description="description view" orientation="0 1 0 1.57" position="0 0 0"
 	 fieldOfView="?" />

modi di esplorazione

<NavigationInfo type=""EXAMINE" "WALK" "ANY""/>

per rendere un solido non penetrabile

<Collision> .......</Collision>

per mostrare sempre la stessa faccia (mancano dei parametri d"esempio)

<Billboard axisOfRotation="0 1 0" bboxCenter="0 0 0" bboxSize="10 10 10" >
 	<Shape...> 
	</Billboard>

Link:

<Anchor url="http://www.web3D.org" description="mio link" > 
..... 
</Anchor>

per richiamare figure da altri file nella nostra scena (mancano valori di esempio)

<Inline load="TRUE" url="abitazione2.wrl" bboxCenter="0 0 0" bboxSize="10 10 10" >

Definizione di nuovi nodi:
DEF:

<Group DEF="ExampleChildElement">
   <Shape .....> 
   </Group>

USE:

 <Group USE="ExampleChildElement"/>

PROTO e IS:

<ProtoDeclare name="EmissiveMaterial">
     <ProtoInterface>
       <field name="onlyColor" type="MFColor" accessType="inputOutput" />
     </ProtoInterface>
   <ProtoBody>
     <!-- Sovrascrittura del default diffuseColor 0.8 0.8 0.8 -->
     <Material diffuseColor="0 0 0">
     <!-- Connette il field emissiveColor del nodo corrente al field onlyColor del ProtoDeclare genitore -->
     <IS>
       <connect nodeField="emissiveColor" protoField="onlyColor"/>
     </IS>
     </Material>
   </ProtoBody>
 </ProtoDeclare>
  <Shape>
     <Appearance>
       <ProtoInstance name="EmissiveMaterial">
         <fieldValue name="onlyColor" value="0.2 0.6 0.6"/>
       </ProtoInstance>
     </Appearance>
     <Text string=""Prototype syntax" "examples"">
       <FontStyle justify=""MIDDLE" "MIDDLE""/>
     </Text>
   </Shape>

Suono:
Esempio:

<Sound minFront="10" maxFront="100" minBack="10" maxBack="100" spatialize="FALSE" >
  <AudioClip description="suono" loop="TRUE" startTime="1" url="sound.wav" />
  </Sound>

suono

Animazioni:

<Transform DEF="TransformExampleUSE" rotation="1 1 1 -2"> 	......... </Transform>
  <TimeSensor DEF="Clock"  cycleInterval="4"  loop="true" pauseTime="0" isPaused="0" 	 resumeTime="0" fraction_changed="0"/>
 <OrientationInterpolator DEF="Spinner" key="0 0.5 1" keyValue="0 1 0 0,0 1 0 3.1416, 0 1 0 6.2832"/>
 <ROUTE fromNode="Clock" fromField="fraction" toNode="Spinner" toField="set_fraction"/>
 <ROUTE fromNode="Spinner" fromField="value_changed" toNode="TransformExampleUSE" toField="rotation"/>

Script:

<Script directOutput="true">
   <field name="ROOT" type="SFNode" accessType="initializeOnly">
     <Transform USE="ROOT"/>
   </field>
 <![CDATA[javascript: 	.............. ]]>
 </Script>

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